HT48R30A-1 Просмотр технического описания (PDF) - Holtek Semiconductor
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HT48R30A-1 Datasheet PDF : 39 Pages
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HT48R30A-1/HT48C30-1
Functional Description
Execution Flow
The system clock for the microcontroller is derived from
either a crystal or an RC oscillator. The system clock is
internally divided into four non-overlapping clocks. One
instruction cycle consists of four system clock cycles.
Instruction fetching and execution are pipelined in such
a way that a fetch takes an instruction cycle while de-
coding and execution takes the next instruction cycle.
However, the pipelining scheme causes each instruc-
tion to effectively execute in a cycle. If an instruction
changes the program counter, two cycles are required to
complete the instruction.
Program Counter - PC
The program counter (PC) controls the sequence in
which the instructions stored in the program ROM are
executed and its contents specify a full range of pro-
gram memory.
After accessing a program memory word to fetch an in-
struction code, the contents of the program counter are
incremented by one. The program counter then points to
the memory word containing the next instruction code.
When executing a jump instruction, conditional skip ex-
ecution, loading PCL register, subroutine call or return
from subroutine, initial reset, internal interrupt, external
interrupt or return from interrupt, the PC manipulates the
program transfer by loading the address corresponding
to each instruction.
The conditional skip is activated by instructions. Once
the condition is met, the next instruction, fetched during
the current instruction execution, is discarded and a
dummy cycle replaces it to get the proper instruction.
Otherwise proceed with the next instruction.
The lower byte of the program counter (PCL) is a read-
able and writeable register (06H). Moving data into the
PCL performs a short jump. The destination will be
within the current program ROM page.
When a control transfer takes place, an additional
dummy cycle is required.
T1 T2 T3 T4 T1 T2 T3 T4 T1 T2 T3 T4
S y s te m C lo c k
O S C 2 ( R C o n ly )
PC
PC
PC +1
PC +2
F e tc h IN S T (P C )
E x e c u te IN S T (P C -1 )
F e tc h IN S T (P C + 1 )
E x e c u te IN S T (P C )
Execution Flow
F e tc h IN S T (P C + 2 )
E x e c u te IN S T (P C + 1 )
Mode
Program Counter
*10 *9 *8 *7 *6 *5 *4 *3 *2 *1 *0
Initial Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
External Interrupt
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
Timer/Event Counter Overflow 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
Skip
Program Counter+2
Loading PCL
*10 *9 *8 @7 @6 @5 @4 @3 @2 @1 @0
Jump, Call Branch
#10 #9 #8 #7 #6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
Return from Subroutine
S10 S9 S8 S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 S0
Note: *10~*0: Program counter bits
#10~#0: Instruction code bits
Program Counter
S10~S0: Stack register bits
@7~@0: PCL bits
Rev. 2.00
6
April 24, 2009
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